ESTONIAN ACADEMY
PUBLISHERS
eesti teaduste
akadeemia kirjastus
cover
Estonian Journal of Ecology
Occurrence of Cladocera and the genetic diversity of Daphnia cucullata in the pelagic zone of Latvian salmonid lakes; pp. 244–264
PDF | doi: 10.3176/eco.2013.4.02

Authors
Aija Brakovska, Jana Paidere, Renāte Škute, Nataļja Škute, Artūrs Škute
Abstract

Cladocerans are a considerable food source for such planktivorous fish as salmonids. In Latvia 26 lakes are categorized as priority fish lakes for salmonids and therefore studies on cladocerans as salmonid fish prey are of particular interest. For the study of salmonids’ food base, i.e. zooplankton diversity, and the genetical diversity of Daphnia cucullata in four Latvian lakes zooplankton samples were taken in the summers of 2010 and 2011. The most dominant species of Cladocera were Diaphanosoma brachyurum, Daphnia cucullata, Bosmina crassicornis, Bosmina longispina, and Bosmina longirostris. The highest diversity and biomass of cladocerans were observed from June to late July. This can be explained by seasonality. The common cladoceran species such as Daphnia cucullata may be used as a good model organism for ecological genetics research. We found D. cucullata in all the investigated lakes. The genetic structure and plasticity in D. cucullata were studied using nuclear random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Carl Roth random primers PCR were used for the amplification of DNA samples. The DNA markers were polymorphic segments with band sizes from 500 to 3000 bp. The number of polymorphic DNA bands of D. cucullata in the four investigated lakes was different.

References

Adamowicz, S. J., Hebert, P. D. N., & Marinone, M. C. 2004. Species diversity and endemism in the Daphnia of Argentina: a genetic investigation. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society of London, 140,171–205.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2003.00089.x

Alekseev, V. & Lampert, W. 2001. Maternal control of resting-egg production in Daphnia. Nature, 414, 899–901.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/414899a

[APHA] American Public Health Association. 2005. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 21st edn. Washington, D.C.

Atienzar, F. A. & Jha, A. N. 2004. The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay to determine DNA alterations, repair and transgenerational effects in B(a)P exposed Daphnia magna. Mutation Research, 552, 125–140.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2004.06.009

Bertilsson, J., Bērziņš, B., & Pejler, B. 1995. Occurrence of limnic micro-crustaceans in relation to temperature and oxygen. Hydrobiologia, 299, 163–167.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00017567

Bohn, T. & Amundsen, P. A. 1998. Effects of invading vendace (Coregonus albula L.) on species composition and body size in two zooplankton communities of the Pasvik River System, northern Norway. Journal of Plankton Research, 20(2), 243–256.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/20.2.243

Bottrell, H. H., Duncan, A., Gliwicz, Z. M., Grygierek, E., Herzig, A., Hillbricht-Ilkowska, A., et al. 1976. A review of some problems in zooplankton production studies. Norwegian Journal of Zoology, 24, 419–456.

Brakovska, A. & Paidere, J. 2012. Composition dynamics of zooplankton species in the Lake Svente (Latvia) from 2006 to 2011. In Mezhdunarodnaya shkola–konferentsiya “Aktual¢nye problemy izucheniya rakoobraznykh kontinental¢nykh vod”. 05.–09.11.2012. Borok, Rossiya, pp. 140–144.

Brakovska, A. & Škute, R. 2007. Ecological characteristic of groups of zooplankton in the deepest lakes of East-Latvia. Acta Biologica Universitatis Daugavpiliensis, 7(2), 165–174.

Brakovska, A. & Škute, R. 2009. Ecological evaluation of zooplankton groups in Lake Geranimovas-Ilzas and Lake Garais. In Proceedings of the 7th International Scientific and Practical Conference. Vol. 2, pp. 43–50. Rēzeknes Augustskola, Rēzekne.

Brakovska, A., Škute, R., & Škute, A. 2012. Heterogeneity of distribution and community composition of zooplankton in upper layers of Lake Svente. Zoology and Ecology, 22(3–4), 172–180.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21658005.2012.733553

Brettum, P. & Halvorsen, G. 2004. The phytoplankton of Lake Atnsjøen, Norway – a long-term investigation. Hydrobiologia, 521, 141–147.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:HYDR.0000026356.09421.e3

Brooks, J. L. & Dodson, S. I. 1965. Predation, body size, and composition of plankton. Science, 150, 28–35.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.150.3692.28

Carvalho, G. R. & Crisp, D. J. 1987. The clonal ecology of Daphnia magna (Crustacea: Cladocera). Journal of Animal Ecology, 56, 453–468.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/5061

Chang, K.-H. & Hanazato, T. 2004. Diel vertical migrations of invertebrate predators (Leptodora kindtii, Thermocyclops taihokuensis, and Mesocyclops sp.) in a shallow, eutrophic lake. Hydrobiologia, 528, 249–259.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-004-3952-x

Cimdinš, P. 2001. Limnoekoloģija [Limnoecology]. Mācību grāmata, Rīga (in Latvian).

Colbourne, J. K. & Hebert, P. D. N. 1996. The systematics of North American Daphnia (Crustacea: Anomopoda): a molecular phylogenetic approach. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, 351, 349–360.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1996.0028

Colbourne, J. K., Hebert, P. D. N., & Taylor, D. J. 1997. Evolutionary origins of phenotypic diversity in Daphnia. In Molecular Evolution and Adaptive Radiation (Givnish, T. J. & Sytsma, K. J., eds), pp. 163–188. Cambridge University Press, London.

Colbourne, J. K.,Wilson, C. C., & Hebert, P. D. N. 2006. The systematics of Australian Daphnia and Daphniopsis (Crustacea: Cladocera): a shared phylogenetic history transformed by habitat-specific rates of evolution. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 89, 469–488.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2006.00687.x

Cottenie, K., Nuytten, N., Michels, E., & De Meester, L. 2001. Zooplankton community structure and environmental conditions in a set of interconnected ponds. Hydrobiologia, 442, 339–350.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1017505619088

De Meester, L., Weider, L. J. & Tollrian, R. 1995. Alternative antipredator defences and genetic polymorphism in a pelagic predator–prey system. Nature, 378, 483–485.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/378483a0

Dimante-Deimantovica, I., Skute, A., & Skute, R. 2012. Vertical variability of pelagic zooplankton fauna in deep Latvian lakes, with some notes on changes in ecological conditions. Estonian Journal of Ecology, 61, 247–264.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3176/eco.2012.4.02

Dodson, S. I. 1984. Predation of Heterocope septentrionalis on two species of Daphnia: morpho­logical defenses and their cost. Ecology, 65, 1249–1257.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1938331

Dodson, S. I. & Hanazato, T. 1995. Commentary on effects of anthropogenic and natural organic chemicals on development, swimming behavior, and reproduction of Daphnia, a key member of aquatic ecosystems. Environmental Health Perspectives, 103(Suppl. 4), 7–11.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.95103s47

Dumont, H. J. & Negrea, V. 2002. Introduction to the Class Branchiopoda. Guides to the Identification of the Microinvertebrates of the Continental Waters of the World. Vol. 19. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden.

Dussart, B. H. & Defaye, D. 2001. Introduction to the Copepoda. 2nd revised and enlarged edn. Guides to the Identification of the Microinvertebrates of the Continental Waters of the World. Vol. 16. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden.

Ebert, D. 2005. Ecology, Epidemiology, and Evolution of Parasitism in Daphnia. National Library of Medicine (US), National Center for Biotechnology Information, Bethesda, MD, USA. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=Books/ (accessed 04.08.2013).

Eipurs, I. 1995. Lake Geraņimovas-Ilzas. In Latvijas Daba. Vol. 2 (Kavacs, G., ed.), p. 106. Latvijas Enciklopēdija, Rīga (in Latvian).

Flössner, D. 1972. Krebstiere, Crustacea, Kiemen- und Blattfüsser, Branchiopoda, Fischläuse, Branchiura. Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, 60. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena.

Flössner, D. 2002. Die Haplopoda und Cladocera Mitteleuropas. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden.

Gliwicz, M. Z. & Pijanowska, J. 1986. The role of predation in zooplankton succession. In Plankton Ecology: Succession of Plankton Communities (Sommer, U., ed.), pp. 253–296. Springer Verlag, Berlin.

Grosberg, R. K., Levitan, D., & Cameron, B. B. 1996. Characterization of genetic structure and genealogies using RAPD-PCR markers: a random primer for the novice and the nervous. In Molecular Zoology, Advances, Strategies and Protocols (Ferraris, J. D. & Palumbi, S. R., eds), pp. 67–100. Wiley.

Haag, C., Riek, M., Hottinger, J. W., Pajunen, V. H., & Ebert, D. 2005. Genetic diversity and genetic differentiation in Daphnia metapopulations with subpopulations of known age. Genetics, 170, 1809–1820.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/genetics.104.036814

Halvorsen, G., Dervo, B. K., & Papinska, K. 2004. Zooplankton in Lake Atnsjøen 1985–1997. Hydrobiologia, 521, 149–175.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:HYDR.0000026357.80231.d2

Harris, R. P., Wiebe, P. H., Lenz, J., Skjoldal, H. R., & Huntley, M. (eds) 2005. ICES Zooplankton Methodology Manual. Elsevier Academic Press, Amsterdam.

Harris, K. D. M., Bartlett, N. J., & Lloyd, V. K. 2012. Daphnia as an emerging epigenetic model organism. Genetic Research International, 2012, ID 147892.

Hebert, P. D. N. 1982. Competition in zooplankton communities. Annales Zoologici Fennici, 19, 349–356.

Hellsten, M. E. & Sundberg, P. 2000. Genetic variation in two sympatric European populations of Bosmina spp. (Cladocera) tested with RAPD markers. Hydrobiologia, 421, 157–164.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003975203884

Hobaek, A. & Larsson, P. 1990. Sex determination in Daphnia magna. Ecology, 71, 2255–2268.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1938637

Irvine, K., Moss, B., & Balls, H. 1989. The loss of submerged plants with eutrophication II. Relation­ships between fish and zooplankton in a set of experimental ponds, and conclusions. Freshwater Biology, 22, 89–107.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.1989.tb01086.x

Irvine, K., Moss, B., & Stansfield, J. 1990. The potential of artificial refugia for maintaining a community of large-bodied cladocera against fish predation in a shallow eutrophic lake. Hydrobiologia, 200/201, 379–389.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02530355

Jurevičs, P., Škute, A., Brakovska, A., & Stepanova, M. 2012. Spatio-temporal distribution of fish in the northern part of Lake Svente. In Proceedings of International Scientific Conference “The Current State and Perspective of the Coregonid Lakes”. Acta Biologica Universitatis Daugavpiliensis, Supplement 3, 50–61.

Kačalova, O. & Laganovska, R. 1961. Zivju barības bāze Latvijas PSR ezeros. Latvijas PSR zinātņu akadēmijas izdevniecība, Rīga.

Keller, W. & Conlon, M. 1994. Crustacean zooplankton communities and lake morphometry
in Precambrian shield lakes. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 51, 2424–2434.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f94-242

Kisilev, A. I. 1956. Methods of Plankton Research. Freshwater Life of the USSR. Vol. IV, pp. 183–265. Nauka, Leningrad (in Russian).

Korpelainen, H. 1989. Sex ratio of the cyclic parthenogen Daphnia magna in a variable environ­ment. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 27, 310–316.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0469.1989.tb00353.x

Krauter, D. & Streble, H. 1988. Das Leben im Wassertropfen. Mikroflora und Mikrofauna des Süβwassers. Kosmos, Stuttgart.

Krebs, C. J. 1999. Ecological Methodology. 2nd edn. Addison Wesley Longman.

Kutikova, L. A. 1970. Fauna of Rotifera of the USSR. Nauka, Leningrad (in Russian).

Lampert, W. (ed.) 1985. Food Limitation and the Structure of Zooplankton Communities. Advances in Limnology, 21.

Lampert, W. 1987. Predictability in lake ecosystems: the role of biotic interactions. Ecological Studies, 61, 323–346.

Lampert, W. 2006. Daphnia: model herbivore, predator and prey. Polish Journal of Ecology, 54, 633–652.

Larsson, P. & Dodson, S. I. 1993. Chemical communication in planktonic animals. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, 129, 129–155.

Larsson, P. & Weider, L. J. 1995. Cladocera as model organisms in biology. Developments in Hydrobiology, 107, 1–307.

Latvijas ezeru sinoptiskais monitorings 2001. gads. 2002. Latvijas vides aģentūra (in Latvian).

Lubbock, J. 1857. An account of the two methods of reproduction in Daphnia, and of the structure of ephippium. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 57, 79–100.

Lynch, M. 1990. The similarity index and DNA fingerprinting. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 7, 478–484.

Malone, B. J. & McQueen, D. J. 1983. Horizontal patchiness in zooplankton populations in two Ontario kettle lakes. Hydrobiologia, 99, 101–124.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00015039

Manujlova, E. F. 1964. Cladocera of the Fauna of the USSR. Nauka, Moskva–Leningrad (in Russian).

Martins, N., Bollinger, C., Harper, R. M., & Ribeiro, R. 2009. Effects of acid mine drainage on the genetic diversity and structure of a natural population of Daphnia longispina. Aquatic Toxicology, 92, 104–112.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2009.01.007

Matthes, M. 2004. Low genotypic diversity in a Daphnia pulex population in a biomanipulated lake: the lack of vertical and seasonal variability. Hydrobiologia, 526, 33–42.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:HYDR.0000041616.86446.01

Mergeay, J., Verschuren, D., & De Meester, L. 2005. Cryptic invasion and dispersal of an American Daphnia in East Africa. Limnology and Oceanography, 50, 1278–1283.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.2005.50.4.1278

Moore, J. W. 1977. Some factors influencing the density of subarctic populations of Bosmina longirostris, Holopedium gibberum, Codonella cratera and Ceratium hirundinella. Hydrobiologia, 56, 199–207.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00017506

Nogrady, T. & Segers, H. 2002. Rotifera. Volume 6. Asplanchnidae, Gastropodidae, Lindiidae, Microcodidae, Synchaetidae, Trochospohaeridae and Filinia. Guides to the Identification of the Microinvertebrates of the Continental Waters of the World 18. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden.

Paidere, J. & Škute, R. 2011. Virpotāji (Rotifera) un to fauna Latvijā. Daugavpils Universitāte, Daugavpils (in Latvian).

Patalas, K. 1971. Crustacean plankton communities in forty-five lakes in the Experimental Lakes Area, northwestern Ontario. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 28, 231–244.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f71-034

Peakall, R. & Smouse, P. E. 2006. GENALEX 6: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research. Molecular Ecology Notes, 6, 288–295.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2005.01155.x

Picado, A., Chankova, S., Fernandes, A., Simöes, F., Leverett, D., Johnson, I., et al. 2007. Genetic variability in Daphnia magna and ecotoxicological evaluation. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 67, 406–410.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2006.10.004

Pinel-Alloul, B. 1995. Spatial heterogeneity as a multiscale characteristic of zooplankton community. Hydrobiologia, 300/301, 17–42.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00024445

Pinel-Alloul, B., Niyonsenga, T., & Legendre, P. 1995. Spatial and environmental components of freshwater zooplankton structure. Ecoscience, 2, 1–19.

Pontin, R. M. 1978. A Key to the Freshwater Planktonic and Semi-planktonic Rotifera of the British Isles. Freshwater Biological Association Scientific Publication, No. 38.

Ruttner-Kolisko, A. 1977. Suggestions for biomass calculation of planktonic rotifers. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, Beiheft Ergebnisse der Limnologie, 8, 71–76.

Saksgård, R. & Hesthagen, T. 2004. A 14-year study of habitat use and diet of brown trout (Salmo trutta) and Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) in Lake Atnsjøen, a subalpine Norwegian lake. Hydrobiologia, 521, 187–199.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:HYDR.0000026359.00934.52

Schwenk, K., Sand, A., Boersma, M., Brehm, M., Mader, E., Offerhaus, D., & Spaak, P. 1998. Genetic markers, genealogies and biogeographic patterns in the cladocera. Aquatic Ecology, 32, 37–51.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009939901198

Schwenk, K., Posada, D., & Hebert, P. D. N. 2000. Molecular systematics of European Hyalodaphnia: the role of contemporary hybridization in ancient species. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 267, 1833–1842.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1218

Schwerdtfeger, R. 1975. Ökologie der Tiere, Synökologie. P. Parey Verlag, Hamburg and Berlin.

Scourfield, D. J. & Harding, J. P. 1994. A Key to the British Species of Freshwater Cladocera, with Notes on their Ecology. Freshwater Biological Association Scientific Publication, No. 5.

Segers, H. 1995. Rotifera. Vol. 2. The Lecanidae (Monogononta). Guides to the Identification of the Microinvertebrates of the Continental Waters of the World 6. SPB Academic Publishing, The Netherlands.

Shaw, J. R., Pfender, M. E., Eads, B. D., Klaper, R., Callaghan, A., Sibly, R., et al. 2008. Daphnia as an emerging model for toxicological genomics. In Recent Advances in Experimental Biology, Vol. 2, Comparative Toxicogenomics (Hogstrand, C. & Kille, P., eds), pp. 165–219. Elsevier, London.

Sloka, N. 1981. Latvijas PSR dzīvnieku noteicējs: Latvijas kladoceru (Cladocera) fauna un noteicējs. LSU, Rīga (in Latvian).

Sloka, N. 1998. Virpotāji (Rotatoria). In Latvijas Daba. Vol. 6 (Kavacs, G., ed.), p. 93. Preses nams, Rīga (in Latvian).

Ślusarczyk, M. 1995. Predator-induced diapause in Daphnia. Ecology, 76, 1008–1013.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1939364

Spaak, P. 1995. Sexual reproduction in Daphnia: interspecific differences in a hybrid species complex. Oecologia, 104, 501–507.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00341348

Spaak, P., Denk, A., Boersma, M., & Weider, L. J. 2004. Spatial and temporal patterns of sexual reproduction in a hybrid Daphnia species complex. Journal of Plankton Research, 26(6), 625–635.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbh064

Sprules, W. G. 1975. Midsummer crustacean zooplankton communities in acid-stressed lakes. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 32, 389–395.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f75-045

Sterner, R. W. 1989. The role of grazers in phytoplankton succession. In Plankton Ecology (Sommer, U., ed.), pp. 337–364. Springer, Berlin.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74890-5_4

Stollewerk, A. 2010. The water flea Daphnia – a new model system for ecology and evolution? Journal of Biology, 9(21), 1–4.

Sutela, T. & Huusko, A. 1997. Food consumption of vendace Coregonus albula larvae in Lake Lentua, Finland. Journal of Fish Biology, 51, 939–951.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1997.tb01533.x

Tessier, A. J., Leibold, M. A., & Tsao, J. 2000. A fundamental trade-off in resource exploitation by Daphnia and consequences to plankton communities. Ecology, 81, 826–841.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/177380

Tidriķis, A. 1997. Riču ezers. In Latvijas Daba. Vol. 4 (Kavacs, G., ed.), pp. 243–244. Preses nams, Rīga (in Latvian).

Tidriķis, A. 1998. Sventes ezers. In Latvijas Daba. Vol. 5 (Kavacs, G., ed.), p. 180. Preses nams, Rīga (in Latvian).

Urtāne, L. 1998. Cladocera kā Latvijas ezeru tipu un trofiskā stāvokļa indikatori. Manuscript. Latvian University, Rīga (in Latvian).

Viljanen, M. 1983. Food and food selection of cisco (Coregonus albula L.) in a dysoligotrophic lake. Hydrobiologia, 101, 129–138.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00008665

Weider, L. J. & Pijanowska, J. 1993. Plasticity of Daphnia life histories in response to chemical cues from predators. Oikos, 67, 385–392.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3545351

Weisse, T. 2006. Freshwater ciliates as ecophysiological model organisms – lessons from Daphnia, major achievements, and future perspectives. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, 167(1–4), 371–402.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0003-9136/2006/0167-0371

Wetzel, R. G. 2001. Limnology. Lake and River Ecosystems. 3rd edn. Academic Press.

Wetzel, R. G. & Likens, G. E. 2000. Limnological Analyses. Springer Science, Business Media, New York.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3250-4

Wolf, H. G. 1987. Interspecific hybridization between Daphnia hyalina, Dgaleata and Dcucullata and seasonal abundances of these species and their hybrids. Hydrobiologia, 145, 213–217.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02530282

 

Back to Issue

Back issues